Data Set Citation:
When using this data, please cite the data package:
NCEAS 12587: Britton: Plants for planting , National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis , and Liebhold A. 2012.
Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US
nceas.986.2 (http://knb.ecoinformatics.org/knb/metacat/nceas.986.2/nceas)
General Information:
Title:Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US
Identifier:nceas.986
Abstract:
Data provided here correspond to that of Figure 1 in Liebhold et al. 2012. Live plant imports: the major pathway for forest insect and pathogen invasions of the US. Front Ecol Environ 10(3): 135-143. doi: 10.1890/110198. All live plants intended for retail and propagative use were used. In addition to including plants with roots, the commodity category--also referred to as "plants for planting" or "nursery stock"--encompasses bulbs, roots, and unrooted cuttings, but excludes cut flowers, ornamental foliage, and seed.
Keywords:None:
  • Plants
  • Imports
  • Live plant imports
  • Pathogen invasions
  • Insect invasions
  • Invasion pathways
  • Pests
  • Plant import regulations
Publication Date:2012-05-22
Data Table, Image, and Other Data Details:
Metadata download: Ecological Metadata Language (EML) File
Data Table:Economically significant species and likely invasion pathways.csv ( View Metadata | Download File download)
Data Table:References.csv ( View Metadata | Download File download)

Involved Parties

Data Set Creators:
Organization:NCEAS 12587: Britton: Plants for planting
Organization:National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis
Individual: Andrew Liebhold
Organization:US Department of Agriculture Forest Service
Address:
Northern Research Station,
Morgantown, West Virginia USA
Email Address:
aliebhold@fs.fed.us
Data Set Contacts:
Individual: Andrew Liebhold
Organization:US Department of Agriculture Forest Service
Address:
Northern Research Station,
Morgantown, West Virginia USA
Email Address:
aliebhold@fs.fed.us
Associated Parties:
Individual: Andrew Liebhold
Individual: Eckehard Brockerhoff
Individual: Lynn Garrett
Individual: Jennifer Parke
Individual: Kerry Britton
Metadata Providers:
Individual: Xueying Han

Data Set Characteristics

Geographic Region:
Geographic Description:Countries from which the US has imported live plants.
Bounding Coordinates:
West:  -180.0000  degrees
East:  180.0000  degrees
North:  90.0000  degrees
South:  -90.0000  degrees
Time Period:
Begin:
1960
End:
2010
Taxonomic Range:
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Adelges abietis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Adelges piceae
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Adelges tsugae
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Aonidiella aurantii
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Asterolecanium variolosum
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Blastopsylla occidentalis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Carulaspis juniperi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Eulecanium cerasorum
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Fiorinia externa
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Glycaspis brimblecombei
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Icerya purchasi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Lepidosaphes ulmi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Maconellicoccus hirsutus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Matsucoccus matsumurae
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Nuculaspis tsugae
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Paratachardina pseudolobata
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Physokermes picea
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Taeniothrips inconsequens
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Thrips calcaratus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Profenusa thomsoni
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cyrtepistomus castaneus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Fenusa pusilla
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Euproctis chrysorrhoea
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Otiorhynchus sulcatus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Enarmonia formosana
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Orchestes alni
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Xanthogaleruca luteola
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Fenusa ulmi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Contarinia baeri
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Neodiprion sertifer
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Rhyacionia buoliana
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Gonipterus scutellatus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Epinotia nanana
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cephalcia lariciphila
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Lymantria dispar
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Diprion similis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Plagiodera versicolora
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Popillia japonica
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Coleophora laricella
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Pristiphora erichsonii
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Pristiphora geniculata
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Caulocampus acericaulis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Homadaula anisocentra
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Acantholyda erythrocephala
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Trichiocampus viminalis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Leucoma salicis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Operophtera brumata
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Agrilus planipennis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Agrilus prionurus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Anarsia lineatella
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Anoplophora glabripennis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Callidellum rufipenne
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cryptorhynchus lapathi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Hylastes opacus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Hylurgus ligniperda
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Orthotomicus erosus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Phoracantha recurva
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Scolytus multistriatus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Scolytus schevyrewi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Sirex noctilio
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Tomicus piniperda
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Xyleborus glabratus
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Ceratocystis fagacearum
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cronartium ribicola
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cryphonectria parasitica
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Cryptodiaporthe populea
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Discula destructiva
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Lachnellula willkommii
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Melampsora laricipopulina
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Ophiostoma novo-ulmi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Ophiostoma ulmi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Phytophthora cinnamomi
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Phytophthora lateralis
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Phytophthora ramorum
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Raffaelea lauricola
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Sirococcus clavigignenti-juglandacearum Nair, Kostichka, & Kuntz
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Venturia saliciperda
Classification:
Rank Name:Species
Rank Value:Glomerella miyabeana

Sampling, Processing and Quality Control Methods

Step by Step Procedures
Step 1:  
Description:

Economically significant species and likely invasion pathways

Of the 455 species of non-indigenous forest insects and diseases documented in the US (Aukema et al. 2010. Historical accumulation of non-indigenous forest pests in the continental United States. BioScience 60: 886-97.), 82 were designated as having "high impact". For each of these 82 species, the most likely pathway by which their invasion occurred was identified using previous publications either reporting their invasion history or identifying the pathway given the species' biology. In cases where publications indicating a likely pathway were lacking, the most likely pathway was designated based on the species' biological characteristics and/or historical interceptions at ports-of-entry.

Data Set Usage Rights

no restrictions
Access Control:
Auth System:knb
Order:denyFirst
Metadata download: Ecological Metadata Language (EML) File